NLP is the study of computer systems for processing natural languages. NLP is approached by different steps, such as:
-
Signal Processing: Turning spoken language into a sequence of words.
- Morphological analysis: Analyzing individual words into their components and separate and non-word tokens such as punctuation.
- Syntactic analysis or parsing: Transforming linear sequences of words into structures showing word relations.
- Semantic analysis: Assigning meanings to structures created by the syntactic parser.
- Discourse integration: Analyzing the meaning in a sentence with preceding and following sentences.
- Pragmatic analysis: The structure representing what was said is reinterpreted to determine what was actually meant.
(Based on Doyle, 1997).
Literature:
Doyle, P. (1997). Natural language. AI Qual Summary. http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/%7Ebrd/Teaching/AI/Lectures/Summaries/natlang.html
•Halton, E. (1992).Charles Morris. A Brief Outline of His Philosophy with relations to semiotics, pragmatics, and linguistics. Available at:http://www.nd.edu/~ehalton/Morrisbio.htm
•Hedlund, T.; Pirkola, A. & Kalervo, J. (2001). Aspects of Swedish morphology and semantics from the perspective of mono- and cross-language information retrieval. Information Processing and Management, 37, 147-161.
Liddy, E. D. (1998). Enhanced Text Retrieval Using Natural Language Processing. ASIS Bulletin, April/May. Also available on http://www.asis.org/bulletin/apr.98/liddy.html
Liddy, E. D. (2003). Natural Language Processing. IN: Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. New York: Marcel Dekker.
Smeaton, A. F. (1992). Progress in the application of natural language processing to information retrieval tasks. The Computer Journal, 35(3):268-278. 数据挖掘研究院
See also: Anaphora; Artificial Intelligence; Automatic Indexing (Lifeboat for KO);Ellipsis; Linguistic aspects of LIS; Parser; Stemming; Translation, Machine
